Swachh Bharat Mission: Key Highlights of 2022

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Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen) [SBM(G)], a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, was launched by Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi on 2nd October, 2014, with the main aim to make the country Open Defecation Free (ODF) by 2nd October, 2019, the 150^th birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, by providing access to toilets to all the rural households in the country. All the villages in the country had declared themselves ODF by 2^nd October, 2019. Having achieved the outcome of the ODF, Phase-II of SBM (G) has been launched with effect from 1^st April, 2020 with the focus to sustain the ODF status and to cover all villages with solid and liquid waste management (SLWM) i.e. to convert all villages from ODF to ODF Plus by 2024-25.  Under the programme it is also to be ensured that no one is left behind.  The total programme outlay of SBM(G) Phase-II is over Rs.1.40 lakh crore.

In terms of Physical Achievements so far, more than 11.09 crore IHHLs and 2.18 lakh CSCs have so far been constructed under the programme across the country since 2^nd October, 2014, as reported by the States/UTs on the IMIS. In 2022, 23,34,560 IHHLs and 19,169 CSCs have been constructed between 1^st January, 2022 to 20^thDecember, 2022. 1,24,677 villages have been declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) Plus from 1^st January, 2022 to 20^thDecember, 2022. For implementation of SBM(G) Rs. 3028 crore have been utilized from 1^st January, 2022 to 20^th December, 2022.

• 1,24,677 villages declared Open Defecation Free (ODF) Plus between 1st January, 2022 to 20^th December, 2022
• 1,25,810 villages have been covered with Solid Waste Management and 1,12,427 villages have been covered with Liquid Waste Management till 20^th December, 2022
• 23,34,560 Individual Household Latrines (IHHLs) and 19,169 Community Sanitary Complexes (CSCs) have been constructed since 1^st January, 2022 to 20.12.2022
• To prioritize Liquid Waste Management Sujlam campaign was launched.  Under Sujlam 1.0 and Sujlam 2.0 campaigns, more than 23 lakh soak pits constructed.
• Under GOBARdhan initiative of SBM(G), 96 community/cluster level Biogas Plants have been established since January 2022.
• For capacity strengthening of SBM-G field functionaries, 2191 Master Trainers have been trained since January, 2022.
• Organised Swachhata Hi Seva (SHS) campaign from 15th September, 2022 to 2nd October, 2022 – 9.81 crore people participated in Shramdaan activities and 14.80 lakh legacy waste sites cleaned.
• To promote safe disposal of faecal sludge through a simple on-site methodology of retrofitting single pit toilet to twin pit toilet, launched ‘Retrofit to Twin Pit Abhiyan’ on 2nd October 2022.
• To create healthy competition amongst States, Districts and Panchayats and to ascertain progress of SBM-G Phase II, launched Swachh Survekshan Grameen (SSG) 2023 on 2nd November 2022.

ODF Plus declared villages
Aspiring	Rising	Model	Total
85,832	19,718	42,115	1,47,665

Funds utilized for implementation of SBM(G)

Rs. in crore

Year	Utilized
2014-15 to 2021-22	78,361.92
2022-23	1716.22

• The Liquid Waste Management (LWM) has been prioritized through the campaigns such as Sujlam.  Under Sujlam 1.0 and Sujlam 2.0 campaigns, more than 23 lakh soak pits have been constructed by the States/UTs.

• Regional Conferences of State Ministers in charge of sanitation and water supply departments were held under the chairmanship of Union Minister for Jal Shakti.

• For capacity strengthening, various orientations/trainings/workshops were conducted for for various stakeholders at State/District/Block/GP levels including DMs/DCs.  2191 Master Trainers have been trained since January, 2022.

• A Lighthouse Initiative to develop 75 model ODF Plus blocks was launched on July 29, 2022 at New Delhi by DDWS in collaboration with India Sanitation Coalition (ISC).
• The Rural WASH Partners’ Forum (RWPF) meeting was organised on August 22, 2022 at India Habitat Centre, New Delhi.  RWPF reiterated its commitment to support States in the implementation of SBM-G and JJM, through innovation, knowledge products, financing and capacity building, leading to impact driven outcomes.

• GOBARdhan: GOBARdhan is an important component of Phase II of Swachh Bharat Mission-Grameen.  Its objective is to ensure cleanliness in villages and generate wealth and energy by converting bio-waste including animal waste, agri-residue into bio-slurry and biogas and to improve the lives of villagers. DDWS is also coordinating the implementation of GOBARdhan: Waste to Wealth initiative involving various Departments/ Ministries to provide an enabling environment for Biogas/Compressed Biogas (CBG) sector.  Since January 2022, total 96 community/cluster level Biogas Plants have been completed under SBM(G).

• The monthly newsletter of SBM-G viz “Swachhata Samachar” was launched in August, 2022.

• Swachchata Hi Seva (SHS) campaign was organized from 15th September, 2022 to 2nd October, 2022 throughout the country.  Under the campaign, 9.81 crore people participated in Shramdaan activities and 14.80 lakh legacy waste sites were cleaned. 1.68 lakh Sarpanches attended Sarpanch Samvaad organised by the States on ODF Plus components and 1.59 lakh Gram Panchayats passed resolution for banning use of of Single Use Plastics.

• “Swachh Bharat Diwas” was organized on 2nd October, 2022 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi. The President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu had graced the event.  On the occasion, Shri Giriraj Singh, Minister of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj; Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, Minister of Jal Shakti; Shri Bishweswar Tudu, Minister of State for Jal Shakti and Tribal Affairs; Shri Prahlad Singh Patel, Minister of State for Jal Shakti and Food Processing Industries, were also present. The President released the reports of Swachh Survekshan Grameen (SSG), 2022 and Jal Jeevan Mission JJM) – Functionality Assessment.  She also honored the best performer States/UTs and Districts under SSG 2022 and JJM-Functional Assessment and presented awards to them.  The Union Minister of Jal Shakti also gave various awards to the performers/winners under different campaigns and competitions.  More than 1,500 people including State Ministers, senior officers from Central and State/UT governments, and development partner organisations, Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRI) members and other stakeholders, media persons participated in the event. 

• Retrofit to Twin Pit Abhiyan launched by Union Minister of Jal Shakti, Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat, on 2nd October 2022. The campaign will promote the safe disposal of faecal sludge through a simple on-site methodology of retrofitting single pit toilet to twin pit toilet. During the first phase of the Campaign from 2nd October to 19th November (the planning phase), States have completed the baseline assessment of 97% villages. The single pit toilets and septic tanks so identified, are to be retrofitted in the implementation phase up to 26th January 2023.

Launch of Swachh Survekshan Grameen 2023 (SSG 2023):  DDWS has launched Swachh Survekshan Grameen (SSG) 2023 on 2nd November 2022 with an objective to create healthy competition amongst States, Districts and Gram Panchayats and to ascertain progress of SBM-G Phase II. Under SSG 2023 assessment will be undertaken at Gram Panchayat and District level. To make SSG 2023 more participatory, Gram Panchayats will undertake village self-assessment on ODF Plus parameters. After completion of village self-assessment, peer verification will be undertaken at Block level by Gram panchayats. Villages shortlisted at Block level will be further assessed at District, State, and National level to identify the best Gram Panchayats across all three levels.  Till 20^th December, 2022, over 1,80,610Gram Panchayats have started self-assessment process and over 3.26 lakh villages have completed the baseline self-assessment. Performance of districts will be assessed on the basis of progress on ODF Plus indicators and direct observation of villages by engaging third-party agency.  Best performing districts are being recognized for monthly and quarterly progress. Best performing States, Districts and Panchayats will be felicitated at national level on 2nd October 2023.

Under SBM(G), incentive of Rs.12000/- (including the State share) is provided for construction of individual household latrine (IHHL) to the eligible households [all the BPL households and identified Above Poverty Line (APL) households (SC/ST, Small and Marginal Farmers, Landless Labourers with Homestead, Physically Handicapped, and Women headed households)].  States have the flexibility to provide higher incentive amount by providing additional State share.  Under the programme, financial assistance is also provided to the Gram Panchayats for construction of Community Sanitary Complexes (CSCs) and creation of assets for Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) in villages.

The fund sharing ratio between the Centre and the States is as under:

• 90:10 for 8 North Eastern States and 3 Himalayan States/UTs of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir
• 60:40 for other States 
• For other UTs, 100% share is borne by the Centre 

Major components of the SBM(G) Phase-II are:

(i)      Construction of Individual household latrines (IHHLs) for any left out or newly emerged households

(ii)     Construction of Community Sanitary Complex (CSC) in villages on need basis

(iii)    Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) – organic waste management, plastic waste management, greywater management and faecal sludge management

4. Information, Education and Communication (IEC) and Capacity Building

The ODF Plus progress is being captured in three categories as under:

1. Aspiring-उदीयमान:  The village which is sustaining its ODF status, and has arrangements for Solid Waste Management or Liquid Waste Management.
2. Rising-उज्जवल:  The village which is sustaining its ODF status, and has arrangements for both Solid Waste Management and Liquid Waste Management.
3. Model-उत्कृष्ट: The village which is sustaining its ODF status; has arrangements for both Solid Waste Management and Liquid Waste Management; observes visual cleanliness i.e. minimal litter, minimal stagnant wastewater and no plastic waste dump in public places.  Displays ODF Plus IEC messages.

Sanitation is a State subject & the programme is being implemented through the State Governments.  Govt. of India provides technical and financial support to the States to supplement their efforts to improve overall cleanliness in villages, by way of issuing programme guidelines, advisories and grants-in-aid. The programme is designed as a novel model of convergence between different verticals of financing and various schemes of Government of India and State Governments.  Apart from the funds being made available through the budgetary provisions for SBM(G) by the Centre and State Governments, funds are to be dovetailed from the 15th Finance Commission grants to Rural Local Bodies (RLBs), MGNREGS and revenue generation models, etc., particularly for solid and liquid waste management.